Asylum seekers and healthcare
Correspondence:
- 1.
- Department of Immigration and Multicultural Affairs. Humanitarian Program http://www.immi.gov.au/statistics/publications/popflows/c2_4.pdf (accessed November 2001).
- 2.
- United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. 2000 global refugee trends: analysis of the 2000 provisional UNHCR population statistics. Geneva: UNHCR, 2001.
- 3.
- United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees The state of the world's refugees: fifty years of humanitarian protection. New York, NY: Oxford University Press, 2000.
- 4.
- Sultan A, O'Sullivan K. Psychological disturbances in asylum seekers held in long-term detention: a participant-observer account. Med J Aust 2001; 175: 593-596.
- 5.
- Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission. Those who've come across the seas: The report of the Commission's Inquiry into the detention of unauthorised arrivals. Canberra: HREOC, 1998: 167, 153, 154, 218. Available at: http://www.hreoc.gov.au/pdf/human_rights/asylum_seekers/h5_2_2.pdf (accessed November 2001).
- 6.
- Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission. 1998-99 Review of immigration detention centres. Canberra: HREOC, 1999: 12. Available at: http://www.hreoc.gov.au/pdf/human_rights/asylum_seekers/idc_review.pdf (accessed November 2001).
- 7.
- Commonwealth Ombudsman. Report of an own motion investigation into the Department of Immigration and Multicultural Affairs' immigration detention centres. Canberra: Commonwealth Ombudsman, 2001: 26, 20, 2. Available at: http://www.comb.gov.au/publications_information/Special_Reports/IDCMarch.pdf (accessed November 2001).
- 8.
- Joint Standing Committee on Foreign Affairs, Defence & Trade, Human Rights Sub-Committee. A report on visits to immigration detention centres. Canberra: Parliament of the Commonwealth of Australia: 2001: 65-67, 104.
- 9.
- Silove D, McIntosh P, Becker R. Risk of retraumatisation of asylum-seekers in Australia. Aust N Z J Psychiatry 1993; 27: 606-612.
- 10.
- Becker R, Silove D. Psychiatric and psychosocial effects of prolonged detention on asylum-seekers. In: Crock M, editor. Protection or punishment: the detention of asylum-seekers in Australia. Sydney: The Federation Press, 1993.
- 11.
- Silove D, Curtis J, Mason C, et al. Ethical considerations in the management of asylum seekers on hunger strike. JAMA 1996; 276: 410-415.
- 12.
- Victorian Foundation for Survivors of Torture. The East Timorese: clinical and social assessments of applicants for asylum. In: Silove D, Steel Z, editors. The mental health and well-being of on-shore asylum seekers in Australia. Sydney: University of New South Wales, Psychiatry Research & Teaching Unit, 1998: 23-27.
- 13.
- Thompson M, McGorry P. Maribyrnong Detention Centre Tamil Survey. In: Silove D, Steel Z, editors. The mental health and well-being of on-shore asylum seekers in Australia. Sydney: University of New South Wales, Psychiatry Research & Teaching Unit, 1998: 27-31.
- 14.
- Silove D, Steel Z, McGorry P, et al. Trauma exposure, postmigration stressors, and symptoms of anxiety, depression and posttraumatic stress in Tamil asylum seekers: comparisons with refugees and immigrants. Acta Psychiatr Scand 1998; 97: 175-181.
- 15.
- Silove D, Steel Z, Watters C. Policies of deterrence and the mental health of asylum seekers in Western countries. JAMA 2000; 284: 604-611.
- 16.
- Bracken P, Gorst-Unsworth C. The mental state of detained asylum seekers. Psychiatr Bull 1991; 15: 657-659.
- 17.
- Pourgourides C, Sashidharan S, Bracken P. A second exile: the mental health implications of detention of asylum seekers in the United Kingdom. Birmingham, UK: North Birmingham Mental Health, NHS Trust, 1995: 96.
- 18.
- Edmund Rice Centre. Just comment: debunking more myths about asylum seekers. Sydney: Edmund Rice Centre for Justice and Community Education. October 2000. Available at: http://www.erc.org.au/issues/text/se01.htm (accessed November 2001).
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- Mollica R, Donelan K, Tor S, et al. The effect of trauma and confinement on functional health and mental health status of Cambodians living in Thailand-Cambodia border camps. JAMA 1993; 270: 581-586.
- 20.
- Van Ommeren M, de Jong Joop T, Sharma B, et al. Psychiatric disorders among tortured Bhutanese refugees in Nepal. Arch Gen Psychiatry 2001; 58: 475-482.
- 21.
- Mollica R, McInnes K, Pham T, et al. The dose-effect relationships between torture and psychiatric symptoms in Vietnamese ex-political detainees and a comparison group. J Nerv Ment Dis 1998; 186: 543-553.
- 22.
- Bergmann M, Jucovy M. Prelude. In: Bergmann M, Jucovy M, editors. Generations of the Holocaust. New York: Basic Books, 1982: 3-29.
- 23.
- Steel Z, Silove D, Bird K, et al. Pathways from war trauma to posttraumatic stress symptoms amongst Tamil asylum seekers, refugees and immigrants. J Traumatic Stress 1999; 12: 421-435.
- 24.
- Silove D. The psychosocial effects of torture, mass human rights violations and refugee trauma: Towards an integrated conceptual framework. J Nerv Ment Dis 1999; 187: 200-207.
- 25.
- Kessler R, Sonnega A, Bromet E, et al. Posttraumatic stress disorder in the National Comorbidity Survey. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1995; 52: 1048-1060.
- 26.
- Silove D, Steel Z, Watters C. Policies of deterrence and the mental health of asylum seekers in Western countries. JAMA 2000; 284: 604-611.
- 27.
- Silove D, Steel Z, Mollica R. Detention of asylum seekers: assault on health, human rights and social development. Lancet 2001; 357: 1436-1437.
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