Risk management: how doctors, hospitals and MDOs can limit the costs of malpractice litigation

---

• 1.
• Wilson LL, Goldschmidt PG. Quality management in healthcare. Sydney: McGraw-Hill; 1995.
• 2.
• Quality and Outcomes Branch, Commonwealth Department of Health and Aged Care. Clinical Risk Management in Rural Victoria. Better Health Outcomes (A newsletter for the Health Service). 1998; December: 16.
• 3.
• Bennett B. Quality care through risk management. Orthopaedic Nursing 1993; 12(3): 54-55.
• 4.
• Atkins P. Reducing risks through quality improvement, infection control and risk management. Crit Care Nurs Clin North Am 1995; 7: 733-741.
• 5.
• Murphy D. The development of a risk management program in response to the spread of bloodborne pathogen illnesses. J Intravenous Nurs 1995; 18 Suppl 6: S43-S47.
• 6.
• Brennan TA, Leape LL, Laird NM, et al. Incidence of adverse events and negligence in hospitalized patients: results of the Harvard Medical Practice Study I. N Engl J Med 1991; 324: 370-376.
• 7.
• Leape LL, Brennan TA, Laird N, et al. The nature of adverse events in hospitalised patients: results of the Harvard Medical Practice Study II. N Engl J Med 1991; 324: 377-384.
• 8.
• Localio AR, Lawthers AG, Brennan TA, et al. Relation between malpractice claims and adverse events due to negligence. Special article. N Engl J Med 1991; 325: 245-251.
• 9.
• Brennan TA. Medical injuries: international perspectives. Med J Aust 1995; 163: 475-476.
• 10.
• Black v Lipovac [1998] 699 FCA (4 June 1998).
• 11.
• Hirsch D. Lessons from Lipovac Aust Health Law Bull 1998; 6: 85-87.
• 12.
• Knowles D. Clinical risk management. Br J Hosp Med 1995; 53: 291-292.
• 13.
• Tito F, Chairman. Compensation and Professional Indemnity in Health Care. Review of Professional Indemnity Arrangements for Health Care Professionals. Canberra: Commonwealth Department of Human Services and Health, 1994.
• 14.
• Wright T, Eyland A, Cox J. Claiming under the Motor Accidents Scheme. Sydney: Justice Research Centre. August 1998.
• 15.
• Wilson LL. Credentialling of hospital medical staff. J Qual Clin Prac Dec 1997; 17: 187-194.
• 16.
• Weagly S. Making the case for robust provider credentialling. Health Care Innovations May/June 1996: 29-39.
• 17.
• Suarez CA. Training, credentialing, economics and risk management in operative surgery. Int Surg 1994; 79: 268-272.
• 18.
• United States General Accounting Office. Health care: initiatives in hospital risk management. Washington: USGAO, 1989: 17.
• 19.
• Elnitsky C, Nichols B, Palmer K. Are hospital incidents being reported? J Nurs Admin 1997; 27(11): 40-46.
• 20.
• Mant J, Gatherer A. Managing clinical risk. BMJ 1994; 308: 1522-1523.
• 21.
• NHS Management Executive. Risk management in the NHS. London: Department of Health, 1993.