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Fallibility and flaviviruses: a diagnostic lesson in Japanese encephalitis

Kate Proudmore, Vicki L Krause, Bart J Currie and Rob Baird
Med J Aust 2023; 219 (6): . || doi: 10.5694/mja2.52072
Published online: 18 September 2023

We present the case of a patient with Japanese encephalitis who was identified by a retrospective audit. The patient had initially been diagnosed and notified as a case of Murray Valley encephalitis (MVE).


  • 1 Royal Darwin Hospital, Darwin, NT
  • 2 Centre for Disease Control, Department of Health, Darwin, NT
  • 3 Menzies School of Health Research, Darwin, NT


Correspondence: kate.proudmore@nt.gov.au


Patient consent

The patient gave written consent for publication.


Competing interests:

No relevant disclosures.

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  • 2. Mackenzie JS, Williams DT, van den Hurk AF, et al. Japanese encephalitis virus: the emergence of genotype IV in Australia and its potential endemicity. Viruses 2022; 14: 2480.
  • 3. Waller C, Tiemensma M, Currie B, et al. Japanese encephalitis in Australia — a sentinel case. N Engl J Med 2022; 387: 661‐662.
  • 4. Sikazwe C, Neave MJ, Michie A, et al. Molecular detection and characterisation of the first Japanese encephalitis virus belonging to genotype IV acquired in Australia. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2022; 16: e0010754.
  • 5. Howard‐Jones AR, Pham D, Jeoffreys N, et al. Emerging genotype IV Japanese encephalitis virus outbreak in New South Wales, Australia. Viruses 2022; 14: 1853.

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