I thank Martin and colleagues for the letter on our article.1 While the International Continence Society defines overactive bladder (OAB) as urinary urgency, usually accompanied by frequency and nocturia, with or without urgency urinary incontinence, in the absence of a urinary tract infection or other obvious pathology;2 it is generally agreed upon that nocturia is more than just a problem relating to bladder storage and can often be multifactorial in nature.3 In fact, nocturnal voiding dysfunction can be caused by any conditions that contribute to global polyuria, nocturnal polyuria, decreased functional bladder capacity and primary sleep disorders.
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- 1. Chung E, Lee D, Gani J, et al. Position statement: a clinical approach to the management of adult non-neurogenic overactive bladder. Med J Aust 2018; 208: 41-45. <MJA full text>
- 2. Abrams P, Cardozo L, Fall M, et al. The standardisation of terminology of lower urinary tract function: report from the standardisation sub-committee of the International Continence Society. Neurourol Urodyn 2002; 21: 167-178.
- 3. Van Kerrebroeck P, Andersson KE. Terminology, epidemiology, etiology and pathophysiology of nocturia. Neurourol Urodyn 2014; 33: S2-S5.
- 4. Bosch JL, Weiss JP. The prevalence and causes of nocturia. J Urol 2010; 184: 440-446.
- 5. Bliwise DL, Dijk DJ, Juul KV. Nocturia is associated with loss of deep sleep independently from sleep apnea. Neurourol Urodyn 2015; 34: 392.
- 6. Chung E. Desmopressin and nocturnal voiding dysfunction: clinical evidence and safety profile in the treatment of nocturia. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2018; 19: 291-298.
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