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Substance use, psychological distress and crime

Toni Makkai
Med J Aust 2003; 179 (8): . || doi: 10.5694/j.1326-5377.2003.tb05614.x
Published online: 20 October 2003

Treating substance misuse might not significantly reduce the number of offenders


  • Australian Institute of Criminology, Canberra, ACT.


Correspondence: 

  • 1. Mayhew P. Counting the costs of crime in Australia. Trends and Issues in Crime and Criminal Justice No. 147. Canberra: Australian Institute of Criminology, 2003. Available at: www.aic.gov.au/publications/tandi/ti247.pdf (accessed Sep 2003).
  • 2. Heffernan EWB, Finn J, Saunders JB, Byrne G. Substance use disorders and psychological distress among police arrestees. Med J Aust 2003; 179: 408-411.<eMJA full text>
  • 3. Williams P. Aetiological fraction estimates of drug-related crime. In: Collins D, Lapsley H, editors. Counting the cost: estimates of the social costs of drug abuse in Australia in 1998–9. National Drug Strategy Monograph Series No 49. Canberra: Australian Department of Health and Ageing, 2002.
  • 4. Makkai T, McGregor K. Drugs and crime: calculating attributable fractions from the DUMA project. In: Collins D, Lapsley H, editors. Counting the cost: estimates of the social costs of drug abuse in Australia in 1998–9. National Drug Strategy Monograph Series No 49. Canberra: Australian Department of Health and Ageing, 2002.
  • 5. Maher L, Dixon D, Lynskey M, Hall W. Running the risks: heroin, health and harm in south west Sydney. Sydney: National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, 1998.
  • 6. Dobinson I, Ward P. Drugs and crime: a survey of NSW property offenders. Sydney: NSW Bureau of Crime Statistics and Research, 1986.
  • 7. Makkai T. Illicit drugs and crime. In: Graycar A, Grabosky P, editors. Cambridge handbook of Australian criminology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002.
  • 8. Spooner C, Hall W, Lynskey M. The structural determinants of youth drug use. Canberra: Australian National Council on Drugs, 2001.
  • 9. Makkai T, McGregor K. Drug use monitoring in Australia (DUMA): 2002 annual report on drug use among police detainees. Research and Public Policy Series No. 47. Canberra: Australian Institute of Criminology, 2003.
  • 10. Lind B, Weatherburn D, Shuling C, et al. New South Wales Drug Court evaluation: cost-effectiveness. Sydney: NSW Bureau of Crime Research and Statistics, 2002.
  • 11. Makkai T, Veraar K. Final report on the South East Queensland Drug Court. Technical and Background Paper Series No. 6. Canberra: Australian Institute of Criminology, 2003. Available at: www.aic.gov.au/publications/tbp/tbp006.html (accessed Sep 2003).
  • 12. Morgan F. Contact with the justice system over the juvenile years. In: Atkinson L, Gerull SA, editors. National conference on juvenile justice: proceedings of a conference held 22–24 September 1992. Canberra: Australian Institute of Criminology, 1993.
  • 13. Broadhurst RG, Loh NS. Re-arrest probabilities for the 1984–1993 apprehended Western Australian population: a survival analysis. Canberra: Australian Criminology Research Council, 1995.
  • 14. Queensland Juvenile Justice Branch. Juvenile offending and recidivism in Queensland. Brisbane: Queensland Department of Families, Youth and Community Care, 1998.
  • 15. Doherty J. Repeat contact with the juvenile justice system: apprehensions by police. Information Bulletin No. 30. Adelaide: Office of Crime Statistics South Australia, 2002.
  • 16. O’Shea J, Jones A, Sondhi A. Arrest referral statistical update. London: Drug and Alcohol Research, The Home Office, 2003. Available at: www.drugs.gov.uk/ReportsandPublications/ResearchDevelopmentStatisticsRDS/1057744395 (accessed Sep 2003).

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