A primer of complementary and alternative medicine commonly used by cancer patients

---

• 1.
• Ernst E, Cassileth BR. The prevalence of complementary/alternative medicine in cancer. Cancer 1998; 83: 777-782.
• 2.
• Begbie SD, Kerestes ZL, Bell DR. Patterns of alternative medicine use by cancer patients. Med J Aust 1996; 165: 545-548.
• 3.
• Morris KT, Johnson N, Homer L, Deb W. A comparison of complementary therapy use between breast cancer patients and patients with other primary tumor sites. Am J Surg 2000; 179: 407-411.
• 4.
• Kao GD, Devine P. Use of complementary health practices by prostate carcinoma patients undergoing radiation therapy. Cancer 2000; 88: 615-619.
• 5.
• Newell S, Sanson-Fisher RW. Australian oncologists' self-reported knowledge and attitudes about non-traditional therapies used by cancer patients. Med J Aust 2000; 172: 110-113.
• 6.
• Ernst E, White A. Acupuncture: a scientific appraisal. Oxford: Butterworth Heinemann, 1999.
• 7.
• Eisenberg DM, David RB, Ettner SL, et al. Trends in alternative medicine use in the United States, 1990-1997. JAMA 1998; 280: 1569-1575.
• 8.
• Ernst E, White A. Life-threatening adverse reactions after acupuncture? A systematic review. Pain 1997; 71: 123-126.
• 9.
• White A, Ernst E. survey of adverse events following acupuncture (SAFA). Forsch Komplementärmed 2000; 7: 56.
• 10.
• Ernst E, Cassileth B. Cancer diets, fads and facts. Cancer Prevent Int 1996; 2: 181-187.
• 11.
• Hildenbrand G. Five-year survival rates of melanoma patients treated by diet therapy after the manner of Gerson: a retrospective review. Altern Ther Health Med 1995; 4: 29-37.
• 12.
• Bowman BB, Kushner RF, Dawson SC, Levin B. Macrobiotic diets for cancer treatment and prevention. J Clin Oncol 1984; 2: 702-711.
• 13.
• Segen JC. Dictionary of alternative medicine. Stamford, US: Appleton Lange, 1998; 81.
• 14.
• Gattefossè R-M. Aromatherapy. Paris: C W Daniel Co Ltd, 1993.
• 15.
• Vickers A, Zollman C. ABC of complementary medicine massage therapies. BMJ 1999; 319: 1254-1257.
• 16.
• Cooke B, Ernst E. Aromatherapy: a systematic review. Br J Gen Pract 2000; 50: 493-496.
• 17.
• Tisserand R, Balacs T. Essential oil safety. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone, 1995.
• 18.
• Aker PD, Gross AR, Goldsmith CH, Peloso P. Conservative management of mechanical neck pain: systematic overview and meta-analysis. BMJ 1996; 313: 1291-1296.
• 19.
• Shekelle PG, Adams AH, Chassin MR, et al. Spinal manipulation for low back pain. Ann Intern Med 1992; 117: 590-598.
• 20.
• Assendelft WJJ, Koes BW, van der Heijden GJMG, Bouter L. The effectiveness of chiropractic for treatment of low back pain: an update and attempt at statistical pooling. J Ther Physiol Ther 1996; 19: 499-507.
• 21.
• Nielsen NH, Bronfort G, Bendix T, et al. Chronic asthma and chiropractic spinal manipulation: a randomized clinical trial. Clin Exper Allergy 1995; 25: 80-88.
• 22.
• Balon J, Aker PD, Crowther ER, et al. A comparison of active and simulated chiropractic manipulation as adjunctive treatment for childhood asthma. New Engl J Med 1998; 339: 1013-1020.
• 23.
• Leboeff-Yde C, Hennius B, Rudberg E, et al. Side effects of chiropractic treatment: a prospective study. J Manip Physiol Ther 1997; 20: 511-515.
• 24.
• Senstad O, Leboeuf-Yde C, Borchgrevink C. Frequency and characteristics of side effects of spinal manipulative therapy. SPINE 1997; 22: 435-441.
• 25.
• Di Fabio RP. Manipulation of the cervical spine: risks and benefits. Phys Ther 1999; 79: 50-65.
• 26.
• Ernst E. Chiropractors' use of X-rays -- Correspondence. Br J Radiol 1998; 71: 897-900, 1107-1108.
• 27.
• Ernst E. The attitude against immunisation within some branches of complementary medicine. Eur J Paediatr 1997; 156: 513-515.
• 28.
• Ernst E. Colonic irrigation and the theory of autointoxication: a triumph of ignorance over science. J Clin Gastroenterol 1997; 24: 196-198.
• 29.
• Petton R, Overholster L. Alternative cancer therapy. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1994.
• 30.
• Green S. A critique of the rationale for cancer treatment with coffee enemas and diet. JAMA 1992; 68: 3224-3226.
• 31.
• Ernst E. Herbal medicine. A concise overview for professionals. Oxford: Butterworth Heinemann, 2000.
• 32.
• Beuth J. Clinical relevance of immunoactive mistletoe lectin-l. Anti-Cancer Drugs 1997; 8: S53-S55.
• 33.
• Kleijnen J, Knipschild P. Mistletoe treatment for cancer: review of controlled trials in humans. Phytomedicine 1994; 1: 255-260.
• 34.
• Ernst E. Mistletoe for cancer? Eur J Cancer 2001. In press.
• 35.
• Linde K, Clausius N, Ramirez G, et al. Are the clinical effects of homoeopathy placebo effects? A meta-analysis of placebo-controlled trials. Lancet 1997; 350: 834-843.
• 36.
• Ernst E, Pittler MH. The efficacy of homoeopathic Arnica. A systematic review of placebo-controlled clinical trials. Arch Surg 1998; 133: 1187-1190.
• 37.
• Lüdtke R, Wilkens J. Klinische Wirksamkeitsstudien zu Arnica in homöopathischen Zubereitungen. In: Albrecht H, Frühwald M, editors. Jahrbuch Band 5 (1998) Karl und Veronica Carstens-stiftung. KVC Verlag Essen, 1999; 97-112.
• 38.
• Ernst E, Barnes J. Are homoeopathic remedies effective for delayed-onset muscle soreness? A systematic review of placebo-controlled trials. Perfusion 1998; 11: 4-8.
• 39.
• Linde K, Jobst KA. Homoeopathy for chronic asthma. Cochrane Library 1998; 1: 1-7.
• 40.
• Ernst E. Homoeopathic prophylaxis of headaches and migraine? A systematic review. J Pain Symptom Manage 1999; 18: 353-357.
• 41.
• Astin J, Shapiro SL, Schwartz GER. Meditation. In: Novey DW, editor. Clinician's complete reference to complementary and alternative medicine. St Louis: Mosby, 2000; 73-85.
• 42.
• Beck EG, Wasser G, Viebahn-Hänsler R. Der aktuelle Stand der Ozontherapie -- Empirie und Grundlagenforschung. Forsch Komplementärmed 1998; 5: 61-75.
• 43.
• Bocci V. Ozone: a mixed blessing. Forsch Komplementärmed 1996; 3: 25-33.
• 44.
• Kraft K, Stenkamp E, Vetter H. Effect of autohemotherapy with ozone cardiovascular risk factors in mildly hypertensive patients. Forsch Komplementärmed 1995; 2: 352.
• 45.
• Diehm C, Rechsteiner HJ. Wer heilt hat Recht? Munich: Zuckschwerdt, 1987; 8-39.
• 46.
• Schmitt H. Zur Ozontherapie. Med dissertation. University of Marburg, 1982.
• 47.
• Gabriel C. Transmission of hepatitis C by ozone enrichment of autologous blood. Lancet 1996; 347: 541.
• 48.
• Holt S. Shark cartilage and neutriceutical update. Alt Compl Ther 1995; 1: 414-416.
• 49.
• Lee A, Langer R. Shark cartilage contains inhibitors of tumor angiogenesis. Science 1983; 221: 1185-1187.
• 50.
• Mathews J. Media feeds frenzy over shark cartilage as cancer treatment. J Natl Cancer Inst 1993; 85: 1190-1191.
• 51.
• Miller DR, Anderson GT, Stark JJ, et al. Phase I/II trial of the safety and efficacy of shark cartilage in the treatment of advanced cancer. J Clin Oncol 1998; 16: 3649-3655.
• 52.
• Hodges RD, Scofield AM. Is spiritual healing a valid and effective therapy? J R Soc Med 1995; 88: 203-207.
• 53.
• Astin JA, Ernst E, Harkness EF. The efficacy of "Distant Healing": a systematic review of randomized trials. Ann Intern Med 2000; 132: 903-910.
• 54.
• Ernst E, Cassileth BR. How useful are unconventional cancer treatments? Eur J Cancer 1999; 35: 1608-1613.