It all depends on compliance
Earlier this year, public trust in research was dealt a severe blow when evidence emerged that a renowned Norwegian researcher, John Sudbo, had fabricated and falsified data in articles on oral cancer published in The Lancet and the New England Journal of Medicine.1 This news followed hot on the heels of the exposure of fraudulent research by the Korean stem-cell researcher, Woo Suk Hwang, published in Science and Nature.2 There is no doubt these events are but the tip of the iceberg, as research misconduct is endemic,3 and may well become more prominent as the competitiveness and commercialisation of research escalates.4,5
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