Vitamin D deficiency and multicultural Australia

---

• 1.
• Preece MA, McIntosh WB, Tomlinson S, et al. Vitamin D deficiency among Asian immigrants to Britain. Lancet 1973; 1: 907-910.
• 2.
• Holick MF. McCollum Award lecture, 1994: Vitamin D — new horizons for the 21st century. Am J Clin Nutr 1994; 60: 619-630.
• 3.
• Truswell AS, Dreosti IE, English RM, et al, editors Recommended nutrient intakes, Australian papers. Sydney: Australian Professional Publications, 1990.
• 4.
• Holick MF. Sunlight"D"lemma: risk of skin cancer or bone disease and muscle weakness. Lancet 2001; 357: 4-6.
• 5.
• Morris HA, Morrison GW, Burr M, et al. Vitamin D deficiency and femoral neck fractures in elderly South Australian women. Med J Aust 1984; 140: 519-521.
• 6.
• Kipen E, Helme RS, Wark JD, Flicker L. Bone density, vitamin D nutrition, and parathyroid hormone levels in women with dementia. J Am Geriatr Soc 1995; 43: 1088-1091.
• 7.
• Stein MS, Scherer SC, Walton SL, et al. Risk factors for secondary hyperparathyroidism in a nursing home population. Clin Endocrinol 1996; 44: 375-383.
• 8.
• Diamond T, Smerdly P, Kormas N, et al. Hip fracture in elderly men: the importance of subclinical vitamin D deficiency and hypogonadism. Med J Aust 1998; 169: 138-141.
• 9.
• Grover SR, Morley R. Vitamin D deficiency in veiled or dark-skinned pregnant women. Med J Aust 2001; 175: 251-252.
• 10.
• Nozza JM, Rodda CP. Vitamin D deficiency in mothers of infants with rickets. Med J Aust 2001; 175: 253-255.
• 11.
• Clements MR, Fraser DR. Vitamin D supply to the rat fetus and neonate. J Clin Invest 1988; 81: 1768-1773.
• 12.
• Chapuy MC, Schott AM, Garnero P, et al. Healthy elderly French women living at home have secondary hyperparathyroidism and high bone turnover during winter. EPIDOS study group. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1996; 81: 1129-1133.
• 13.
• Gallagher JC, Kinyamu HK, Fowler SE, et al. Calciotropic hormones and bone markers in the elderly. J Bone Miner Res 1998; 13: 475-482.
• 14.
• Clemens TL, Henderson SL, Adams JS, Holick MF. Increased skin pigment reduces the capacity of skin to synthesise vitamin D3. Lancet 1982; I: 74-76.
• 15.
• Ford JA, McIntosh WB, Dunnigan MG. A possible relationship between high-extraction cereal and rickets and osteomalacia. Adv Exp Med Biol 1977; 81: 353-362.
• 16.
• Clements MR, Davies M, Fraser DR, et al. Metabolic inactivation of vitamin D is enhanced in primary hyperparathyroidism. Clin Sci 1987; 73: 659-664.
• 17.
• Clements MR, Johnson L, Fraser DR. A new mechanism for induced vitamin D deficiency in calcium deprivation. Nature 1987; 325: 62-65.
• 18.
• Diamond T, Levy S, Smith A, Day P. Vitamin D deficiency is common in Muslim women presenting with bone pains and osteoporosis. Proceedings of the 9th Annual Scientific Meeting of the Australia and New Zealand Bone and Mineral Society, Cairns, June 1999; p 32, abstract 3B.
• 19.
• Glerup H, Mikkelsen K, Poulsen L, et al. Hypovitaminosis D myopathy without biochemical signs of osteomalacic bone involvement. Calcif Tissue Int 2000; 66: 419-424.
• 20.
• Mason RS, Posen S. The relevance of 25-hydroxycalciferol measurements in the treatment of hypoparathyroidism. Clin Endocrinol 1979; 10: 265-269.